Getting to Know Great Britain {free mini-lesson}

A small island nation in the north Atlantic, Great Britain once ruled the largest empire in world history. Made up of England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, the official name is The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is normally shortened to Great Britain, Britain, United Kingdom, or the UK. The capital city is London.

The flag of Great Britain blends the flags of England and Scotland with the saltire of Ireland’s St. Patrick. King James wanted a flag to show the unification of England and Scotland. The flag was designed in 1606 and became known as the Union Jack. St. Andrew’s Cross from the flag of Scotland was used as the base because James was the King of Scotland before he was the King of England. The Cross of St. Patrick was added in 1801 with the addition of Ireland to the commonwealth.

Great Britain is famous for its royal family. As a constitutional monarchy, the king or queen is the head of state. While he or she may reign, they do not rule; meaning they have no power to make or change laws. The ability to make or change laws lies with Parliament. Officials known as ministers oversee the government of Great Britain.

mate – friend  

petrol – gasoline 

biscuit – cookie 

boot – car trunk 

bobby – police officer

tights – panty hose

lift – elevator

fringe – bangs

bangers – sausages

I’ll ring you – I’ll call you